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X Co. Ltd. issued 1,00,000 debentures of Rs. 100 each at a discount of 4% redeemable after 5 years at a premium of 6%. Loss on issue of debentures will be
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Debenture is a certificate/instrument acknowledging a debt. It is issued generally by a public company to individuals/institutions who lend it money (invest in their debentures)For an investor investing in a debenture is just like investing in a fixed deposit with the difference that while he can withdraw the amount invested in a fixed deposit any time he/she likes with a loss of interest. He cannot do so with a debenture. The amount invested on a debenture will be repaid only on the expiry of the period for which the debenture has been issued. If the debentures were originally issued at a discount and redeemed at premium then the case of loss on issue of debentures arise.
Here X Co. issued Rs. 1,00,000 Debentures at 4% discount, redeemable at 6% premium after 10 years.
The discount on issue of debentures = 4% of 1,00,00,000 = Rs. 4,00,000
The premium on redemption of debentures = 6% of 1,00,00,000 = Rs. 6,00,000
Thus total loss on issue of debentures = 4,00,000 + 6,00,000 = Rs. 10,00,000
Net Profit before charging manager commission is Rs. 22,000 and the manager is to be allowed a commission of 10% on the profit after charging such commission. Commission amount will be
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Manager’s commission is calculated in two ways
1. On Profits before charging such commission:
Manager’s commission = Net Profits × (Percentage of commission / 100)
2. On Profits after charging such commission:
Manager’s commission = Net Profits × (Percentage of commission /100 + % of commission)
Here the managers commission is 10% of net profit after charging such commission
So the managers commission will be = 22,000 × (10/110) = Rs. 2,000
The plant and machinery account of a firm had a debit balance of Rs. 1,47,390 as on 31st December, 2009. On 1st Jan., 2006 Co. started business and has been following the practice of charging full year’s depreciation every year on Diminishing balance method @ 15%. Cost of machinery on 01.01.2006 will be
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In Jan., 2006 a trader purchased furniture for Rs. 10,000 Depreciation is charged @ 25% Diminishing balance. At the end of the third year it was sold for Rs. 1,000. Profit or loss as sale will be _______
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G. Ltd. acquired assets worth Rs. 1,50,000 from AB Ltd. by issue of shares of Rs. 10 each at a premium of Rs. 5. The number of shares to be issued by G. Ltd. to settle the purchase consideration will be
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When a company acquires any asset, the purchase consideration can be settled either in cash or in any way as decided between the seller and the company. It may be settled by issuing shares in the company or debentures also. In this problem G Ltd. purchased assets from AB Ltd. for a book value of Rs. 1,50,000 and the consideration was paid by issue of shares of Rs. 10 each at a premium of Rs. 5. The shares are being issued at a premium thus the value of each share issued will be 10 + 5 = Rs. 15. Total value of assets acquired = Rs. 1,50,000 Number of shares issued = total value of assets acquired/value per share = 1,50,000/15 = 10,000 shares.
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Under average profit method goodwill is calculated on the basis of the average of some agreed number of past years. The average is then multiplied by the agreed number of years. This is the simplest and the most commonly used method of the valuation of goodwill.
Goodwill = Average Profits × Number of years of Purchase
Profit of the year 2006: 40,000
Profit for the year 2007: 50,000
Profit for year 2008: 60,000
Profit for the year 2009: 50,000
Average profit of last 4 years = (40,000 + 50,000 + 60,000 + 50,000)/4 = Rs. 50,000
Goodwill = 50,000 × 3 = Rs. 1,50,000
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In financial accounting, every single event occurring in monetary terms is recorded. Sometimes, it just so happens that some events are either not recorded or it is recorded in the wrong head of account or wrong figure is recorded in the correct head of account. Whatever the reason may be, there is always a chance
of error in the books of accounts. These errors in accounting require rectification. When there is a difference in a trial balance a suspense account is opened with the amount of the difference so that the trial balance agrees (pending the discovery and correction of the errors causing the difference).
Dismantling and demolition charges is a _______
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Dismantling and demolition charges are revenue in nature.
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