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British commanders had learnt the lessons of the Crimean War, and could adapt themselves to battalion and regimental columns maneuvering in jungles, deserts and mountainous regions; what they failed to was that when they came up against the Boers all their tactical and technical skills were of little use because they had failed to comprehend the trench fighting and raids of the American Civil War. In 1899 all arms of the British service went to war with what was to  antiquated tactics, and in some cases antiquated weapons.