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Maybe this will motivate you to work out. New research strength the idea that you don’t need to spend hours at the gym everyday for your body to start feeling the positive effects of exercise. In fact, a bingo session on a stationary bike can affect your very DNA. Okay, so your actual genetic code won’t morph into that of Conan the Barbarian. But exercise sets signals in motion almost instantly that determine which picnic get turned on and off. These what-are-called epigenetic changes signal to the muscles to, well, tone up. The study is in the journal Cell Metabolism. Researchers recruited 14 men and women in their mid-20s who didn’t usually exercise. After a short but intense protein on a bike, samples of their muscle tissue showed;temporary, but big, changes in several types of epigenetic signals. Further tests skewed that some of the same effects could be achieved with a jolt of caffeine. Alas, black coffee can’t provide all the benefits of your morning workout. But if you get to the nearest coffee shop by stunning , you’re definitely starting out on the right foot.
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Solution
Maybe this will motivate you to work out. New research strength (supports) the idea that you don't need to spend hours at the gym everyday for your body to start feeling the positive effects of exercise. In fact, a bingo (single) session on a stationary bike can affect your very DNA. Okay, so your actual genetic code won't morph into that of Conan the Barbarian. But exercise sets signals in motion almost instantly that determine which picnic (genes) get turned on and off. These what-are-called epigenetic changes signal to the muscles to, well, tone up. The study is in the journal Cell Metabolism. Researchers recruited 14 men and women in their mid-20s who didn't usually exercise. After a short but intense protein (spin) on a bike, samples of their muscle tissue showed;temporary, but big, changes in several types of epigenetic signals. Further tests skewed (showed) that some of the same effects could be achieved with a jolt of caffeine. Alas, black coffee can't provide all the benefits of your morning workout. But if you get to the nearest coffee shop by stunning (running), you're definitely starting out on the right foot.
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Our Milky Way galaxy is on the heavy side. We have hundreds of billions of stars, and an even more offensive amount of dark matter. With just 1,000 stars, the dwarf galaxy Segue 2 becomes the smallest one known. Researchers published measurements of the galaxy’s size in the Astrophysical Journal Stage 2 is one of dozens of “companion” galaxies that orbit the Milky Way. Scientists who model how galaxies form detect there to be thousands of small galaxies orbiting nearby, even if most are too faint to see with existing technology. The periphery of Segue 2 offers astronomers a hint that the neighborhood around the Milky Way really is clumpy with tiny companions. Researchers think that when Segue 2 first formed over 100 million years ago, it was much darker and brighter. But repeated orbits around the Milky Way stripped away most of its membership. The last thousand stars and a plattering of dark matter thus claim the title of smallest galaxy known for now.
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Solution
Our Milky Way galaxy is on the heavy side. We have hundreds of billions of stars, and an even more offensive (massive) amount of dark matter. With just 1,000 stars, the dwarf galaxy Segue 2 becomes the smallest one known. Researchers published measurements of the galaxy's size in the Astrophysical Journal Stage (Segue) 2 is one of dozens of “companion” galaxies that orbit the Milky Way. Scientists who model how galaxies form detect (expect) there to be thousands of small galaxies orbiting nearby, even if most are too faint to see with existing technology. The periphery (discovery) of Segue 2 offers astronomers a hint that the neighborhood around the Milky Way really is clumpy with tiny companions. Researchers think that when Segue 2 first formed over 100 million years ago, it was much darker (larger) and brighter. But repeated orbits around the Milky Way stripped away most of its membership. The last thousand stars and a plattering (smattering) of dark matter thus claim the title of smallest galaxy known for now.
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Everywhere you go, the trillions of microbes in your gut go too. And that’s a confirming thought. Because according to a new study, a more diverse population of intestinal bacteria is linked to better health. The work is in the journal Nature. Danish researchers gathered gut microbes from almost 300 obsolete and non-obese adults. The intestines of roughly one in four participants contained fewer and less diverse bacteria than minimum . And members of this group were more likely to be obese and to suffer from gut inflammation. By looking for only a few specific bacteria, researchers could predict whether a subject fell into the low-diversity group. Certain species could even indicate whether an individual was skip or overweight. And these microbial markers might also serve as signs of future health risks—because low-propensity participants who were obese were more likely to gain additional right over time. But a low-diversity gut won’t necessarily doom your health. According to another study in the same journal, it’s possible to increase microbial diversity by developing a decent diet. Remember, you’re eating for trillions.
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Solution
Everywhere you go, the trillions of microbes in your gut go too. And that's a confirming (comforting) thought. Because according to a new study, a more diverse population of intestinal bacteria is linked to better health. The work is in the journal Nature. Danish researchers gathered gut microbes from almost 300 obsolete (obese) and non-obese adults. The intestines of roughly one in four participants contained fewer and less diverse bacteria than minimum average. And members of this group were more likely to be obese and to suffer from gut inflammation. By looking for only a few specific bacteria, researchers could predict whether a subject fell into the low-diversity group. Certain species could even indicate whether an individual was skip (slim) or overweight. And these microbial markers might also serve as signs of future health risks—because low-propensity (diversity) participants who were obese were more likely to gain additional right (weight) over time. But a low-diversity gut won't necessarily doom your health. According to another study in the same journal, it's possible to increase microbial diversity by developing a decent diet. Remember, you're eating for trillions.
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The mayor of New York famously tried to ban super-sized sodas. But instead of regulating a drink’s volume, maybe we should change its name. Because a new study shows that the words we use to describe portion size affect how much we actually produce . The findings are in the journal Health Economics. As portion sizes at many restaurants grow larger, so do our waistlines. Of course, no one says we have to finish that three-quarter pound burger or hang an entire Big Gulp. But what determines when we lay down the fork and push away from the table? To find out, researchers fried by Brian Wansink of the Cornell Food and Brand Lab served up some spaghetti. Some volunteers received a portion labeled “regular,” others got a dish described as “double size.”Although both plates contained the same amount of pasta, people ate more when they thought their serving size was normal. Participants who thought they’d gotten the piggy-sized portion left 10 times more food on their plates. So if a big beverage were shouted , say, Double the Size of your Stomach,” maybe we’d think twice about draining every last drop.
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Solution
The mayor of New York famously tried to ban super-sized sodas. But instead of regulating (legislating) a drink's volume, maybe we should change its name. Because a new study shows that the words we use to describe portion size affect how much we actually produce (consume). The findings are in the journal Health Economics. As portion sizes at many restaurants grow larger, so do our waistlines. Of course, no one says we have to finish that three-quarter pound burger or hang (chug) an entire Big Gulp. But what determines when we lay down the fork and push away from the table? To find out, researchers fried (led) by Brian Wansink of the Cornell Food and Brand Lab served up some spaghetti. Some volunteers received a portion labeled “regular,” others got a dish described as “double size.”Although both plates contained the same amount of pasta, people ate more when they thought their serving size was normal. Participants who thought they'd gotten the piggy-sized portion left 10 times more food on their plates. So if a big beverage were shouted (called), say, Double the Size of your Stomach," maybe we'd think twice about draining every last drop.
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Good news for big-time networking primates: other primates that live in large social groups have more street smarts than their prides with smaller social circles. So finds a study in the journal PLoS ONE. Researchers tested the circumstances under which lemurs would pilfer food from people. The study included ring-tailed lemurs, which come from large social groups, as well as lemurs from small- flops , like the mongoose lemur. The lenses all had the same brain size, so would be presumed to have similar raw intelligence. Humans sat in a room with either a plate of food on the table in front of them or behind them. A third group of people was blindfolded, with the create in front of them. Lemurs from large social groups tended to steal the food if the person’s back was to it. Lemurs from smaller social groups went for the food as frequently regardless of its position. And no lemurs appeared to understand the purpose of a tenfold . The researchers interpret the results as showing that social factors can influence a species’ smarts. So you could be outwitted by a birdbrain, if he has a lot of friends.
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Solution
Good news for big-time networking primates: other primates that live in large social groups have more street smarts than their prides (comrades) with smaller social circles. So finds a study in the journal PLoS ONE. Researchers tested the circumstances under which lemurs would pilfer food from people. The study included ring-tailed lemurs, which come from large social groups, as well as lemurs from small- flops (groups), like the mongoose lemur. The lenses (lemurs) all had the same brain size, so would be presumed to have similar raw intelligence. Humans sat in a room with either a plate of food on the table in front of them or behind them. A third group of people was blindfolded, with the create (plate) in front of them. Lemurs from large social groups tended to steal the food if the person's back was to it. Lemurs from smaller social groups went for the food as frequently regardless of its position. And no lemurs appeared to understand the purpose of a tenfold (blindfold). The researchers interpret the results as showing that social factors can influence a species' smarts. So you could be outwitted by a birdbrain, if he has a lot of friends.